Several system utilities can examine crash dumps instead of the running kernel. In general, these utilities accept two optional arguments: -M and -N. These arguments specify an alternate core file and kernel image, respectively. Some of the utilities which support this feature include ddb(8), dmesg(8), fstat(1), iostat(8), ipcs(1), netstat(1), nfsstat(1), ps(1), pstat(8), and vmstat(8).