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| 1 | <FILENAME·filename="index.html"><html><head><title>The·KmPlot·Handbook</title><link·rel="stylesheet"·type="text/css"·href="help:/common/kde-default.css"><link·rel="stylesheet"·type="text/css"·href="help:/common/kde-docs.css"><link·rel="stylesheet"·type="text/css"·href="help:/common/kde-localised.css"><meta·name="generator"·content="DocBook·XSL·Stylesheets·V1.76.1"><meta·name="description"·content="KmPlot·is·a·mathematical·function·plotter·for·the·KDE·Desktop.·KmPlot·is·part·of·the·KDE-EDU·Project:·http://edu.kde.org/"><meta·name="keywords"·content="KDE,·KmPlot,·EDU,·edutainment,·plotting,·math"><link·rel="home"·href="index.html"·title="The·KmPlot·Handbook"><link·rel="next"·href="introduction.html"·title="Chapter 1. Introduction"><meta·http-equiv="Content-Type"·content="text/html;·charset=utf-8"><meta·name="GENERATOR"·content="KDE·XSL·Stylesheet·V1.14·using·libxslt"></head><body·bgcolor="white"·text="black"·link="#0000FF"·vlink="#840084"·alink="#0000FF"><div·id="content"><div·id="header"><div·id="header_conten·✂ | 1 | <FILENAME·filename="index.html"><html><head><title>The·KmPlot·Handbook</title><link·rel="stylesheet"·type="text/css"·href="help:/common/kde-default.css"><link·rel="stylesheet"·type="text/css"·href="help:/common/kde-docs.css"><link·rel="stylesheet"·type="text/css"·href="help:/common/kde-localised.css"><meta·name="generator"·content="DocBook·XSL·Stylesheets·V1.76.1"><meta·name="description"·content="KmPlot·is·a·mathematical·function·plotter·for·the·KDE·Desktop.·KmPlot·is·part·of·the·KDE-EDU·Project:·http://edu.kde.org/"><meta·name="keywords"·content="KDE,·KmPlot,·EDU,·edutainment,·plotting,·math"><link·rel="home"·href="index.html"·title="The·KmPlot·Handbook"><link·rel="next"·href="introduction.html"·title="Chapter 1. Introduction"><meta·http-equiv="Content-Type"·content="text/html;·charset=utf-8"><meta·name="GENERATOR"·content="KDE·XSL·Stylesheet·V1.14·using·libxslt"></head><body·bgcolor="white"·text="black"·link="#0000FF"·vlink="#840084"·alink="#0000FF"><div·id="content"><div·id="header"><div·id="header_conten·✂ |
| 2 | Desktop.</p><p>·<span·class="inlinemediaobject"><img·src="edu-logo.png"></span>·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·is·part·of | 2 | Desktop.</p><p>·<span·class="inlinemediaobject"><img·src="edu-logo.png"></span>·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·is·part·of |
| 3 | the·<acronym·class="acronym">KDE</acronym>-EDU·Project:·<a·class="ulink"·href="http://edu.kde.org/"·target="_top">http://edu.kde.org/</a></p></div></div></div></div><hr></div><div·class="toc"><p><b>Table·of·Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span·class="chapter"><a·href="introduction.html">1.·Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span·class="chapter"><a·href="first-steps.html">2.·First·Steps·With·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span·class="sect1"><a·href="first-steps.html#simple-function-plot">Simple·Function·Plot</a></span></dt><dt><span·class="sect1"><a·href="edit-properties.html">Edit·Properties</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span·class="chapter"><a·href="using-kmplot.html">3.·Using·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span·class="sect1"><a·href="using-kmplot.html#function-types">Function·Types</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span·class="sect2"><a·href="using-kmplot.html#cartesian-functions">Cartesian·Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span·class="sect2"><a·href="u·✂ | 3 | the·<acronym·class="acronym">KDE</acronym>-EDU·Project:·<a·class="ulink"·href="http://edu.kde.org/"·target="_top">http://edu.kde.org/</a></p></div></div></div></div><hr></div><div·class="toc"><p><b>Table·of·Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span·class="chapter"><a·href="introduction.html">1.·Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span·class="chapter"><a·href="first-steps.html">2.·First·Steps·With·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span·class="sect1"><a·href="first-steps.html#simple-function-plot">Simple·Function·Plot</a></span></dt><dt><span·class="sect1"><a·href="edit-properties.html">Edit·Properties</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span·class="chapter"><a·href="using-kmplot.html">3.·Using·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span·class="sect1"><a·href="using-kmplot.html#function-types">Function·Types</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span·class="sect2"><a·href="using-kmplot.html#cartesian-functions">Cartesian·Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span·class="sect2"><a·href="u·✂ |
| 4 | » Desktop.··It·has·a·powerful·built-in·parser.··You·can·plot·different | 4 | » Desktop.··It·has·a·powerful·built-in·parser.··You·can·plot·different |
| 5 | » functions·simultaneously·and·combine·them·to·build·new | 5 | » functions·simultaneously·and·combine·them·to·build·new |
| 6 | » functions.</p><div·class="screenshot"><div·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="mediaobject"><hr><img·src="threeplots.png"·alt="Examples"><hr></div></div><p><span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·supports·several·different·types·of·plots:</p><div·class="itemizedlist"><ul·class="itemizedlist"·type="disc"><li·class="listitem"><p>Explicit·cartesian·plots·of·the·form·y·=·f(x).</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Parametric·plots,·where·the·x·and·y·components·are·specified·as·functions·of·an·independent·variable.</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Polar·plots·of·the·form·r·=·r(θ).</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Implicit·plots,·where·the·x·and·y·coordinates·are·related·by·an·expression.</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Explicit·differential·plots.</p></li></ul></div><p><span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·also·provides·some·numerical·and·visual·features·like:</p><div·class="itemizedlist"><ul·class="itemizedlist"·type="disc"><li·class="listitem"><p>Filling·and·calculating | 6 | » functions.</p><div·class="screenshot"><div·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="mediaobject"><hr><img·src="threeplots.png"·alt="Examples"><hr></div></div><p><span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·supports·several·different·types·of·plots:</p><div·class="itemizedlist"><ul·class="itemizedlist"·type="disc"><li·class="listitem"><p>Explicit·cartesian·plots·of·the·form·y·=·f(x).</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Parametric·plots,·where·the·x·and·y·components·are·specified·as·functions·of·an·independent·variable.</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Polar·plots·of·the·form·r·=·r(θ).</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Implicit·plots,·where·the·x·and·y·coordinates·are·related·by·an·expression.</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Explicit·differential·plots.</p></li></ul></div><p><span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·also·provides·some·numerical·and·visual·features·like:</p><div·class="itemizedlist"><ul·class="itemizedlist"·type="disc"><li·class="listitem"><p>Filling·and·calculating |
| 7 | » » » the·area·between·the·plot·and·the·first·axis</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Finding·maximum·and | 7 | » » » the·area·between·the·plot·and·the·first·axis</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Finding·maximum·and |
| 8 | » » » minimum·values</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Changing·function·parameters·dynamically</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Plotting | 8 | » » » minimum·values</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Changing·function·parameters·dynamically</p></li><li·class="listitem"><p>Plotting |
| 9 | » » » derivatives·and·integral·functions.</p></li></ul></div><p>These·features·help·in·learning·the | 9 | » » » derivatives·and·integral·functions.</p></li></ul></div><p>These·features·help·in·learning·the |
| 10 | » relationship·between·mathematical·functions·and·their·graphical | 10 | » relationship·between·mathematical·functions·and·their·graphical |
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| 136 | » » All·the·predefined·functions·and·constants·that·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·knows·can·be·shown·by | 136 | » » All·the·predefined·functions·and·constants·that·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span>·knows·can·be·shown·by |
| 137 | » » selecting·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenu">Help</span></span>·→·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenuitem">Predefined·Math·Functions</span></span>,·which·displays·this·page·of·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span>'s·handbook. | 137 | » » selecting·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenu">Help</span></span>·→·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenuitem">Predefined·Math·Functions</span></span>,·which·displays·this·page·of·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span>'s·handbook. |
| 138 | » </p><p> | 138 | » </p><p> |
| 139 | » » These·functions·and·constants·and·even·all·user·defined·functions·can | 139 | » » These·functions·and·constants·and·even·all·user·defined·functions·can |
| 140 | » » be·used·to·determine·the·axes·settings·as·well.·See·<a·class="xref"·href="coords-config.html#axes-config"·title="Axes·Configuration">the·section·called·“Axes·Configuration”</a>. | 140 | » » be·used·to·determine·the·axes·settings·as·well.·See·<a·class="xref"·href="coords-config.html#axes-config"·title="Axes·Configuration">the·section·called·“Axes·Configuration”</a>. |
| 141 | » </p><div·class="sect2"><div·class="titlepage"><div><div><h3·class="title"><a·name="trigonometric-functions"></a>Trigonometric·Functions</h3></div></div></div><p> | 141 | » </p><div·class="sect2"><div·class="titlepage"><div><div><h3·class="title"><a·name="trigonometric-functions"></a>Trigonometric·Functions</h3></div></div></div><p> |
| 142 | » » » By·default,·the·trigonometric·functions·work·in·radians.·However,·this·can·be·changed·via·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenu">Settings</span></span>·→·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenuitem">Configure·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span></span></span>. | 142 | » » » By·default,·the·trigonometric·functions·work·in·radians.·However,·this·can·be·changed·via·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenu">Settings</span></span>·→·<span·xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0"·class="guiitem"><span·class="guimenuitem">Configure·<span·class="application">KmPlot</span></span></span>. |
| 143 | » » </p><div·class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span·class="term">sin(x),·</span><span·class="term">arcsin(x),·</span><span·class="term">cosec(x),·</span><span·class="term">arccosec(x)</span></dt><dd><p>The·sine,·inverse·sine,·cosecant·and·inverse·cosecant·respectively.</p></dd><dt><span·class="term">cos(x),·</span><span·class="term">arccos(x),·</span><span·class="term">sec(x),·</span><span·class="term">arcsec(x)</span></dt><dd><p>The·cosine,·inverse·cosine,·secant·and·inverse·secant·respectively.</p></dd><dt><span·class="term">tan(x),·</span><span·class="term">arctan(x),·</span><span·class="term">cot(x),·</span><span·class="term">arccot(x)</span></dt><dd><p>The·tangent,·inverse·tangent,·cotangent·and·inverse·cotangent·respectively.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div·class="sect2"><div·class="titlepage"><div><div><h3·class="title"><a·name="hyperbolic-functions"></a>Hyperbolic·Functions</h3></div></div></div><p>The·Hyperbolic·Functions.</p><div·class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span·class="term">sinh(x),·</span><span·class="t·✂ | 143 | » » </p><div·class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span·class="term">sin(x),·</span><span·class="term">arcsin(x),·</span><span·class="term">cosec(x),·</span><span·class="term">arccosec(x)</span></dt><dd><p>The·sine,·inverse·sine,·cosecant·and·inverse·cosecant·respectively.</p></dd><dt><span·class="term">cos(x),·</span><span·class="term">arccos(x),·</span><span·class="term">sec(x),·</span><span·class="term">arcsec(x)</span></dt><dd><p>The·cosine,·inverse·cosine,·secant·and·inverse·secant·respectively.</p></dd><dt><span·class="term">tan(x),·</span><span·class="term">arctan(x),·</span><span·class="term">cot(x),·</span><span·class="term">arccot(x)</span></dt><dd><p>The·tangent,·inverse·tangent,·cotangent·and·inverse·cotangent·respectively.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div·class="sect2"><div·class="titlepage"><div><div><h3·class="title"><a·name="hyperbolic-functions"></a>Hyperbolic·Functions</h3></div></div></div><p>The·Hyperbolic·Functions.</p><div·class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span·class="term">sinh(x),·</span><span·class="t·✂ |
| 144 | » » followed·by·the·extension,·after·the·function·definition.·The·extension·can·be·entered·by·using·the·<acronym·class="acronym">D-Bus</acronym>·method·parser·addFunction.·None·of·the·extensions·are·available· | 144 | » » followed·by·the·extension,·after·the·function·definition.·The·extension·can·be·entered·by·using·the·<acronym·class="acronym">D-Bus</acronym>·method·parser·addFunction.·None·of·the·extensions·are·available· |
| 145 | for·parametric·functions·but·N·and·D[a,b]·work·for·polar·functions·too.·For·example: | 145 | for·parametric·functions·but·N·and·D[a,b]·work·for·polar·functions·too.·For·example: |
| 146 | » » </p><pre·class="screen"> | 146 | » » </p><pre·class="screen"> |
| 147 | » » » <strong·class="userinput"><code> | 147 | » » » <strong·class="userinput"><code> |
| 148 | » » » » f(x)=x^2;·A1 | 148 | » » » » f(x)=x^2;·A1 |
| 149 | » » » </code></strong> | 149 | » » » </code></strong> |
| 150 | » » </pre><p> | 150 | » » </pre><p> |